In Texas, the debate over gambling expansion has been reignited with lawmakers considering two pivotal resolutions, House Joint Resolution 134 (HJR 134) and House Joint Resolution 137 (HJR 137). These legislative proposals aim to fundamentally transform the gambling landscape in Texas by legalizing sports betting and casino gaming respectively.

Exploring the resolutions’ objectives

HJR 134, introduced by State Representative Sam Harless of Spring, seeks to amend the Texas Constitution to permit regulated sports betting. This resolution targets professional sports teams, golf organizations, and Class 1 racetracks established before January 1, 2025, as the primary operators. According to Texas Policy Research, unlike previous bills, HJR 134 leaves the distribution of generated tax revenue to future legislative sessions, without earmarking funds for specific uses like property tax relief.

HJR 137, championed by Representative Charlie Geren, takes a broader approach by aiming to legalize both casino gaming and sports betting. This resolution proposes a regulated framework where a limited number of casino licenses would be granted, fostering a controlled yet potentially lucrative gambling environment. It stipulates a maximum of ten casino licenses and incorporates measures to engage tribal lands in gambling operations under federal guidelines.

The legislative history of gambling in Texas is marked by a conservative stance, with previous attempts at gambling expansion facing significant hurdles. Both resolutions are set against this backdrop of cautious legislative progression, with proponents arguing for economic benefits and opponents citing social risks.

Economic prospects and regulatory considerations:

Proponents of HJR 134 and HJR 137 highlight the potential economic windfall through job creation, increased tourism, and retained gambling revenue that currently flows to neighboring states. They contend that regulated gambling would also curb the illegal gambling market, bringing more transparency and consumer protection.

However, critics argue that the potential social costs, such as increased gambling addiction and associated societal harms, could outweigh these economic benefits. The lack of specific provisions for tax revenue allocation in HJR 134 also raises concerns about the effective use of funds, which could be a deciding factor for fiscal conservatives.

The future of these resolutions hinges on a complex interplay of public opinion and political maneuvering. With Texas Governor Greg Abbott expressing openness to sports betting, there is renewed momentum, which might sway legislative attitudes. Yet, the road to November 2025, when these issues could be presented to voters, is fraught with challenges. Both resolutions need to navigate the diverse perspectives within the Texas Legislature and garner enough support to reach the ballot.

As Texas approaches these potential constitutional amendments, public engagement and informed advocacy will play crucial roles. Understanding the full implications of each resolution, from economic impacts to social considerations, is vital for voters making informed decisions.